How would you go about scaling ability effectiveness?

So you would do a “progression stat” kind of SO specifically for Abilities, and then each ability have their “progression”. That’s a pretty solid idea, and seems the most logical if you want level spikes leveling up like you suggest.

I would probably like to have the spells scale, so that as you level up you’re getting more powerful, but you can then control the damage you output in the base stat damage.