main() acts as the entry point of the program, executing each code line by line until it reaches its end of scope. In this lecture’s case, it declares the variables (“difficulty” and “maxDifficulty”) and initializes their values.
The code then enters a while loop where “difficulty” is used as an argument for function PlayGameAtDifficulty() for each loop. After exiting PlayGameAtDifficulty() function, the terminal and input buffer is cleared and “difficulty” is incremented by one.
The while loop ends once “difficulty” has a greater value than “maxDifficulty”. It then displays a congratulatory message and exits the program.