The #include preprocessor directive instructs the compiler to use the declarations in the iostream library as reference when compiling our code.
The main() function of the code acts as the entry point for the program and will start the code execution from this function.
The expression statements are statements that indicate that an instruction or process that needs to be executed.
The declaration statements are statements that indicate the type definitions and name identifier of the variables that will be used in the program, as well as assigning them their initial values.
We return a 0 after all statements are done in order to indicate that the program has ended without any errors.