Below, I created method for setting the button sprite and a ternary to determine the correct question text update. Cleans the code significantly.
public void OnAnswerSelected(int index)
{
int correctAnswerIndex = question.GetCorrectAnswerIndex();
SetButtonState(false);
SetButtonImage(correctAnswerIndex, correctAnswerSprite);
questionText.text = (index == correctAnswerIndex)
? "Correct!"
: "Sorry, the correct answer was\n" + question.GetAnswer(correctAnswerIndex);
}
void SetButtonImage(int index, Sprite sprite)
{
Image buttonImage = answerButtons[index].GetComponent<Image>();
buttonImage.sprite = sprite;
}