Was testing something out with Displacement (Cycles Experimental and Adaptive Subsurf), using just a Noise Texture and a Color Ramp…
Idea evolved a bit after seen the results looked like mountains 
For the “clouds” I used another sphere and used a musgrave and noise to a Principled Volume
For the “atmosphere ring” another sphere… I used a Fresnel as Factor to a Mix node of emission and transparent.
Final touch was in Compositing with the Glare node to make the bloom effect in cycles.